Anything you cannot type directly comes from the insert menu.
Steps
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Click on an empty line in your document.
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Press Cmd+K (Mac) or Ctrl+K (Windows).

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Choose what you want: Table, Code Block, Quote, Bullet List, Numbered List, Divider or Clear Format. Choosing Table opens a small grid — drag across it to pick how many rows and columns you need.
If you leave the line blank for a second, a faint ⌘K or Ctrl+K hint appears to remind you.
Working with tables
Put your cursor inside a table and a toolbar appears above it, with buttons to add and remove rows and columns, merge and split cells, set a header row, change alignment, and copy the whole table as Markdown.
Working with code blocks
Each code block has a language dropdown in its corner and a Copy button. There is also a Password language option, which hides the contents until you click Show — useful for notes containing credentials.
Tip: You can skip the menu entirely. Typing
```starts a code block,>starts a quote, and---makes a divider.